Veri Yapılarında Ömürler
If a data type stores borrowed data, it must be annotated with a lifetime:
#[derive(Debug)] struct Highlight<'doc>(&'doc str); fn erase(text: String) { println!("Bye {text}!"); } fn main() { let text = String::from("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."); let fox = Highlight(&text[4..19]); let dog = Highlight(&text[35..43]); // erase(text); println!("{fox:?}"); println!("{dog:?}"); }
This slide should take about 5 minutes.
- In the above example, the annotation on
Highlight
enforces that the data underlying the contained&str
lives at least as long as any instance ofHighlight
that uses that data. - If
text
is consumed before the end of the lifetime offox
(ordog
), the borrow checker throws an error. - Types with borrowed data force users to hold on to the original data. This can be useful for creating lightweight views, but it generally makes them somewhat harder to use.
- When possible, make data structures own their data directly.
- Some structs with multiple references inside can have more than one lifetime annotation. This can be necessary if there is a need to describe lifetime relationships between the references themselves, in addition to the lifetime of the struct itself. Those are very advanced use cases.